China’s biggest money fund braces for more liquidity shocks

Bloomberg

China will face more frequent liquidity shocks this year, according to the manager of the nation’s biggest money-market fund, which plans to hold extra cash to protect against the risk of rising redemptions.
The government’s efforts to curb risk in the financial system and support the sliding yuan are likely to ‘over-stretch a rope that’s already tight,’ said Wang Dengfeng, who manages the 800 billion yuan ($115 billion) Yu’EBao fund at Tianhong Asset Management Co. “The biggest challenge for us this year is to appropriately manage our own liquidity risks – that we have ample cash to meet demand when large redemptions occur,” Wang said in an interview in Beijing last week. “We’ll set aside much more cash than needed, rather than allocating into high-yielding assets.”
China’s investors don’t have to look back far to assess the damage that a liquidity squeeze can do: as the average interbank repurchase rate surged to a 20-month high in December, bonds slumped by the most in six years to end a record bull run. The size of money-market funds in China shrank by 247 billion yuan from a month earlier to 4.5 trillion yuan at the end of December, according to Stanley Lei, a Shanghai-based analyst at Chinese fund tracker Howbuy.
Yu’EBao is sold on Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Alipay platform, and can be used to make credit-card payments and buy products. That means that most of its investors — who numbered some 300 million as of June last year — are individuals rather than cash-starved companies or financial intermediaries. In fact, Yu’EBao has been a beneficiary of the recent market volatility: the spike in borrowing costs is driving up money-market fund returns, attracting inflows in December, Wang said, without being more specific. Assets stood at 800 billion yuan as of September, according to the most recent quarterly report.
The average seven-day return for Yu’EBao investors was last at an annualized 3.37 percent, versus 2.52 percent at the end of November, data from Tianhong’s website show. The pool is the world’s fourth-largest money-market fund, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
The PBOC has been driving up the cost of money in China since August, when it started injecting longer-term funds into the financial system that carry a higher interest rate. Adding to the liquidity shortage, lenders may need to hoard capital from this quarter as the central bank will start to include shadow banking in an assessment of financial institutions’ credit growth and risks. The average interbank repo rate climbed to 3.05 percent at the end of last month, before moderating in January.
The overnight repo rate climbed six basis points on Tuesday to 2.09 percent, the biggest increase in more than three weeks, weighted average prices show.
“The central bank is showing increasing tolerance over more volatile funding costs, which is needed to lower leverage,” said Wang. “Monetary policies will be tighter than last year. We’ve created a white list of banks we feel comfortable to lend money to, based on their size, financial indicators, reputation, etc, as risks diverge within the banking system.”
The number of onshore bond defaults in China more than quadrupled last year from just seven in 2015. The PBOC said in November that it will proactively cut leverage and prevent asset bubbles, and smaller banks were last month paying the widest credit spreads relative to large lenders since at least October 2015.
Tianhong is the biggest money manager in China, overseeing 845 billion yuan in assets at the end of last year, according to a statement on its website. Almost all of that is in the Enhanced Income Treasure Money Market Fund, marketed as Yu’EBao. Bank deposits and reserves accounted for 80 percent of the fund’s investments at the end of Sept. 30, while bonds account for 18 percent, according to its third-quarter report. Holdings by institutional investors accounted for only 0.35 percent at the end of June.
As money rates spiked, pledged repurchase transactions fell to 46.2 trillion yuan in December, down from a record 59.8 trillion yuan in August. Net financing by banks through certificates of deposit declined by 75.5 billion yuan in November. Bond investors aren’t plugging the funding gap, with the number of cancelled or delayed corporate debt sales surging.

“Given the reversal of last year’s loose liquidity, banks’ ability to extend loans will be weaker amid rising interest rates,” said Wang. “As some companies may find it difficult to roll over debt, credit risks will rise.”