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BEIJING / AP
China’s premier told visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew on Monday his government is pressing ahead with painful reforms to shrink bloated coal and steel industries that are a drag on its slowing economy and ruled out devaluing its currency as a short-cut to boosting exports.
Premier Li Keqiang’s comments to Lew on Monday were in line with a joint declaration by financial officials from the Group of 20 biggest rich and developing economies who met over the weekend in Shanghai. They pledged to avoid devaluations to boost sagging trade and urged governments to speed up reforms to boost slowing global growth.
Beijing is under pressure to reassure global financial markets it has its economy under control following stock and currency turmoil.
The G20 finance officials’ declaration that global growth was still on track despite signs it may be slowing again appeared to fall flat: share prices fell in most Asian markets Monday, with the Shanghai benchmark dropping as much as 4.4 percent to close down 2.9 percent at 2,687.98.
Li told Lew that China is moving ahead with a long-range plan to squeeze excess production capacity out of industries where supply exceeds demand, according to a deputy Chinese finance minister, Zhu Guangyao. He said regulators would focus first on steel and coal, huge industries with millions of workers.
In a report in mid-February, the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China complained the ruling Communist Party’s failure to eliminate unneeded production capacity in industries including steel, cement and glass has worsened China’s economic slowdown.
Steel producers have responded to the glut by slashing export prices, hurting sales by foreign competitors. That prompted a protest Feb. 14 by thousands of steelworkers in Brussels, seat of the European Union.
“Premier Li Keqiang told Secretary Lew that as China moves forward in reducing overcapacity, we will focus on two areas, the steel and coal sectors,” said Zhu. “And in the process of reducing overcapacity, we will properly handle the issue of unemployment.”
The ruling party is in the midst of a marathon effort to replace a worn-out growth model based on trade, investment and heavy industry with a more self-sustaining expansion driven by consumer spending.
Growth in the world’s second-largest economy slowed last year to a 25-year low of 7.3 percent and is expected to decline further this year.
In coal, regulators expect to eliminate some 1.8 million jobs, the minister of human resources, Yi Weimin, said at a separate event Monday. That would be equivalent to about 17 percent of the 10.3 million people the China National Coal Association said last year are employed by the industry.
In steel, regulators have eliminated some 90 million tons of production capacity over the past three years and plan to close another 150 million tons in the next three to five years, according to Zhu. China’s steel production last year was about 800 million tons, or half the world total.
Beijing announced a 100 billion yuan ($15 billion) fund last week to cushion the blow to workers who lose their jobs in the restructuring and help them find new jobs.
“We believe this fund will play a very important role in this process,” Zhu said.
Li affirmed Chinese pledges to avoid devaluing its yuan to boost exports, according to Zhu.
A key concern of financial markets, despite repeated Chinese denials, is that Beijing plans to allow its yuan to weaken further following a surprise introduction of a newmechanism in August to set its state-controlled exchange rate.