As South Sudan parties near a peace pact, communal violence spreads

Bloomberg

South Sudan’s foes moved closer to implementing a peace deal this week, yet the long-elusive pact may do little to halt rural clashes over grazing land and water that have killed more than 100 people in the past month.
Conflict is escalating in the central and northwestern parts of the country. The United Nations mission in the country was forced to send troops to quell violence in the Bahr el Ghazal region after fighting left 79 people dead. Groups have threatened revenge.
The national agreement is seen as key to rebuilding the East African nation’s oil industry and shattered economy after a five-year civil war. President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar agreed to meet a mid-February deadline to form a unity government after two previous attempts failed.
But the communal clashes are a stark reminder of the tensions across the country.
“The intensity of the violence shows just how great South Sudan’s challenges remain even in a best-case scenario of the national peace process solidifying,” said Alan Boswell, a researcher on South Sudan with the Brussels-based International Crisis Group. “In some areas, the state has effectively lost control as community militias battle it out over grazing land, cattle, or tit-for-tats.”
The world’s newest country has been mired since late 2013 in a conflict that’s claimed almost 400,000 lives, forced 4 million others from their homes and caused an economic crisis. While political violence has largely subsided, inter-communal clashes continue to result in the killing and injuring of civilians, cattle raiding and the looting of property, according to the UN mission.