HSBC, StanChart defy UK to endorse HK security law

Bloomberg

The two British institutions that dominate Hong Kong’s banking system backed Beijing in the standoff over a proposed new security law, joining Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd. and some of the city’s biggest developers in wading into the political minefield of the former colony’s future.
HSBC Holdings Plc, born in the 19th century as the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp., and Standard Chartered Plc endorsed a Chinese proposal that critics say will diminish freedom and violate the “one country, two systems” principle that governs the territory.
The timing highlighted the growing tensions amid the coronavirus pandemic. The banks’ statements came on the eve of the anniversary of China’s 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown and with the US convulsed by violent protests. The Trump administration issued an order suspending passenger flights from China-based airlines and the UK government has offered refuge to as many as 3 million Hong Kong residents.
“They have to protect their business, which doesn’t make it right,” said Tom Kirchmaier, a visiting senior fellow at the London School of Economics. “The issue is that Britain is very weak on the global stage at the moment, and I doubt China will be concerned about any serious repercussions.”
While not being the first to back Beijing, HSBC and Standard Chartered are in a uniquely delicate position. Most of their earnings are generated in Asia but their headquarters are in London, where the British government has backed expressed opposition to a new security law in its former colony.
Major local businesses including Jardine Matheson and billionaire Li Ka-shing have come out in support of China’s proposals in recent weeks. Swire Pacific Ltd., the parent company of Hong Kong-based airline Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd., and Sun Hung Kai Properties Ltd., the city’s largest developer, are also among top companies that have voiced support for the law, while a poll has showed broad public opposition.
Hong Kong and China are vital to HSBC, which made profits of $12.1 billion in the Chinese city last year. Greater China accounted for 40% of the London-based company’s revenue. A strategy revamp in February sees an even greater focus on Asia, and in particular China. Getting on the wrong side of the Chinese government is not an option for new Chief Executive Officer Noel Quinn.
Alistair Carmichael, a British lawmaker and chairman of the UK parliamentary group on Hong Kong, said HSBC erred in bending to China’s will on the proposed security law, which the US says imperils the city’s special trade status because it impinges on freedoms guaranteed when the territory was handed back by Britain in 1997.
“It is a colossal misjudgment because you cannot as a British company the size of HSBC be seen to be advocating for what is a fairly flagrant breach of international law in a rules-based system,” Carmichael said. “This is tactically clever, but strategically stupid. In the longer term, this is a serious error of judgment, as banks rely on a rules-based system.”
HSBC Chairman Mark Tucker is well known in Chinese business and political circles, having lived and worked in Hong Kong for more than 25 years. As protests roiled Hong Kong last year, Tucker gave an interview to Chinese state television. He held to the bank’s official line of condemning violence, while supporting the one country, two systems credo.
While not as exposed to Hong Kong as HSBC, the territory is nevertheless Standard Chartered’s biggest market.
Of the $2.4 billion in underlying pretax profits made by the bank in Greater China and North Asia last year, 61% came from Hong Kong; a further 14% came from China. Standard Chartered is in the process of setting up a new virtual bank in Hong Kong as part of a plan to boost its retail operation in the city and appeal to a younger generation.