Military heads don’t like using troops domestically

Military leaders don’t like using troops for domestic purposes. It violates every rule they’re taught. You could see that wariness in the face of Gen Mark A Milley, the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, after President Trump told governors that he’d just put Milley “in charge” of cracking down on protestors.
Following Trump’s exhortation to the governors to “dominate” those in the streets, Trump walked across Lafayette Square to St John’s Episcopal Church, where he was photographed holding a Bible in an area that had just been cleared by police. Milley wasn’t in the group picture.
Like previous chairmen, he tries to keep the military out of such photo opportunities.
Then Milley did something unusual, which ought to reassure a nation whose nerves are badly frayed by a season of pandemic, police brutality and sometimes violent protest.
In the lowering dusk, dressed in a baggy camouflage uniform, Milley separated himself from the president’s entourage to talk with some of the National Guard troops here. A television reporter asked what he would say to the demonstrators.
“Everybody’s got a right to protest,” Milley answered. “The First Amendment is sacrosanct. It’s a right of the American people to protest. But protest peacefully.” Amen to that.
Milley is a throwback to an earlier age of military leadership. He’s a beefy, sharp-tongued commander who looks more like a gruff master sergeant than a buffed four-star general. As the president’s chief military adviser, he has the delicate task of telling Trump things he doesn’t want to hear, especially now, in a moment of turmoil and division.
The chairman’s advice this past week has been that, despite the fires raging in some cities, the situation doesn’t warrant federalising the use of military force, according to several of Milley’s associates. Instead, Milley has argued, governors should continue to oversee the use of the national guard troops, where necessary.
“Gen Milley is caught in a very difficult spot,” argues Jeffrey H Smith, a West Point graduate who served as CIA general counsel. “If he stands up for what has been engrained in him since he was commissioned, he risks being fired.” Hopefully, it won’t come to that. But Milley’s oath was to uphold the constitution, and he’s not a man who would carry out illegal or improper orders.
Mark Esper, the secretary of defense, is the person who should check Trump’s desire to militarise the response to protests. But Esper’s response has been low-key and, at least in public, deferential to the president.
Esper’s comments to the governors in a conference call seemed almost as inflammatory as Trump’s. After Trump had said of the protestors and looters, “These are terrorists. They’re looking to do bad things to our country,” Es per said: “We need to dominate the battlespace.”
You could almost hear the groans of dismay from the corridors of the Pentagon. People in uniform want the defense secretary to protect the military from being drawn into political free-fire zones, not encourage it.
A senior Pentagon official said that Esper, like Milley, hopes to avoid calling out the troops. “We have the resources – local and national law enforcement and national guard, to restore peace in these communities, without having to use active-duty forces. At this time, it’s not necessary,” the official said.
Sen Lindsey O Graham, R-SC, is a close confidant of Trump’s, but he’s also a longtime lawyer in the Air Force reserves who understands the military’s skittishness about domestic conflict.
He explained in an interview: “It’s in our DNA as a nation not to use the military for domestic purposes until we absolutely have to. … Countries that use their militaries for domestic law and order, those militaries are seen by the public as more an enemy than a friend.”
The military should be deployed under the Insurrection Act of 1807 only as a “last resort,” Graham said. “The best way to avoid that is to get control of the situation” using the authority of state governors.
America has been living a fever dream these last months. The pandemic has threatened our social cohesion, as well as our bodies. The brutality of George Floyd’s killing has shocked the consciences of citizens, black and white. And now our cities are burning, as people express their rage and frustration.
It may not feel that way, but America isn’t as hapless or pitiful as it sometimes seems these days. One reason why is the power and professionalism of our armed forces. The military is a precious asset that can’t be squandered in a misguided effort to “dominate” public protest.

—The Washington Post

David Ignatius is an American journalist and novelist.
He is an associate editor and columnist for The Washington Post